[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Writer's Digest, December 2006, pages 37-39, has an article by Jordan E. Rosenfeld with the title, "The Novelist's Survival Kit." Jordan starts out with the suggestion that novel writing is like entering a new relationship -- scary, exhilarating, insecure, worrisome. However, he also points out that the major difference is that you control your novel. You create characters and change them, you manipulate the circumstances and plot, you decide everything (do I hear the twilight zone introduction somewhere in the background? We control the horizontal and vertical... :-)

But you need to be prepared for the first draft being less-than-perfect. Just as you don't get acquainted with a person completely instantly, the first run through of a novel is likely to have some rough edges. So how do you set yourself up and keep going? Jordan suggests a survival kit, building blocks, killing your critic, and beating procrastination. Let's look at each of these.

Survival Kit. This is your collection of things that help you feel prepared for the journey and keep you on the path. It starts off with blind faith: "Faith that you have something important to say, that your competent and capable of writing a novel, and if you don't begin now, then when?" He suggest two notebooks -- one small and portable, for jotting down inspirations and notes. The second is larger, and stays at your work place. This is for all the other details. Timelines, character notes, etc. (Some of us might use an electronic version of this!) Next, a reward system. Design it yourself, make it something that you enjoy, and reward yourself for sitting down to write, for completing chunks, for getting things done. Finally, a schedule. Set up times to work, and take it seriously.

Building blocks. Jordan suggests that the key to your novel is two things. 1. Plot: "a sequence of events with consequences that happen to your characters." You might use the narrative arc -- complication, crisis, solution. Complication: set up problems for the characters. Then add consequences and actions. Finally, work to a resolution and close. 2. Characters. You have to have people. You might want to start with a short biographical sketch of the main characters -- what do they look like, what do they want, what are they afraid of?

Killing your critic. Insecurities and criticism are likely to make you stop writing. Don't do it. Set your own goals and responses to the doubts and procrastination and self-criticism.

Beat procrastination. Resistance, tomorrow would be better, and so forth are sneaky and subtle. Some tricks to avoid waiting:
  • Reduce research. A little bit of research goes a long way, but letting yourself chase down just a little more information can keep you from ever starting. Write down the questions, do the research when you have to or during your scheduled research time, but keep writing.
  • Revision is for second drafts. Trying to get it perfect before you go on often means you never go on. Plan on revising later, and right now get the first draft done.
  • Scene blocking. Pick a number between three and 10. That's your horizon -- the number of chapters or perhaps scenes that you're going to look ahead while you're writing. You need to think ahead and write down basic details to string a plot, but you don't need to know every detail of every piece of the whole story. So lay out enough to reach your horizon, then write that much, and then repeat.
  • Quantity over quality. Give yourself a word count goal.
And keep writing.
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 4 Jan 2010

Writer's Digest, March 2004, page 42 to 49, has a bonus section with the title, "Novel Writing Boot Camp," by Bob Mayer. I'm probably not going to summarize all of the bits and pieces, but let's pick out some of the odds and ends.

Pages 44 and 45 describe narrative structure. Bob focuses on five elements: inciting incident, complications, crisis, climax, and resolution. That's the basic blueprint for the story.

The inciting incident is the hook. It's dynamic, something happens that upsets the balance and kicks your protagonist into action. The rest of the novel is the protagonist responding to the inciting incident. Inciting incidents don't have to be bad -- positive events can certainly make protagonists react, too. What happens when Joe wins the lottery?

Complications pile on complications. The growth of complications -- suspense and conflict -- is what fills in the middle. Make sure that it keeps the readers interested.

The crisis forces the protagonist to make a choice. It should not be obvious to the reader which way they're going to go. The crisis is usually the darkest time for the protagonist.

The climax? With the choice made, the balance is restored or a new balance achieved. The protagonist needs to be involved -- an active part of finishing the job.

The resolution is where you wrap up plots and subplots. Make sure that the reader knows what happened, and has a sense of closure.

Plot. This is the sequence of events -- what happens in the novel. Usually, looking at the climax and making the events drive towards that goal helps keep the story focused. But beware of coincidence, and of plots where the author's fingerprints are too obvious. The plot should have internal logic -- it should make sense.

Where to begin. "There are actually two beginnings to a novel: the first words the writer puts down to start the manuscript, and the first words the reader sees as she opens the completed book." Bob points out that since you're probably going to rewrite the beginning extensively, it's not worth worrying too much about where to start. Just get started and plan to redo the beginning. When you do get around to picking the starting line, think about the purpose of the beginning. You need to get people started reading. The beginning needs to hook the readers, introduce the story theme or problem, and introduce the main characters. Don't overwhelm the readers by putting too much into the first chapter. Leave some for later.

The meat of the story. Characters are the most important. Know their motivations -- just like actors, you can't write a part unless you know their motivation. Setting it is also important. Make sure you know where and when things are happening. Point of view -- there are lots of possibilities, but the key is to make sure that the reader knows what is going on and doesn't get confused.

Ending. Characters, locales, points of view, the plot lines -- it all comes together at the end. This is the resolution of the problem that you introduced at the very beginning.

Inciting incident, complications, crisis, climax, resolution. A sequence of events that takes us through all of that. A beginning that grabs the readers. Characters with their motivations, setting, and a firm hand with the point of view. Finally, an ending that ties it all up and makes the reader sigh with the emotional release.

Write!
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 31 Dec 2009

Writers Digest, February 2009, pages 55-56, had an article by Steve Almond with the title, "The Great Plot Test." I'm still not sure whether great modifies plot or test, but I think he means a way to test for great plots, although it might be a great test for plots, too. You decide...

Steve start out by telling us that "one of the many annoying things I do to students at workshops is to force them to provide written critiques about one another's work." One reason to do this is that most of us can see the problems in somebody else's work easier than in our own. Another reason is that becoming a better writer requires developing the ability to critique -- eventually, your own work.

Next, he points out that he asks them to start their critiques by stating what the story is about in a single sentence. He says most of the students start out trying to list all the events -- and that's not what he's looking for. Instead...well... "pretend you're on a bus and the person sitting next to you asks what you're reading and you say a short story, and they ask what it's about." That's the sentence we're looking for.

Now, admittedly, this means we're going to leave out a bunch of stuff. But stories and novels need to have a concrete core -- usually an intense desire or fear. Steve defines plot as "the mechanism by which your protagonist is pushed up against his or her core desires and fears." Sure, there's more to writing than just that, but "every successful novel and story features a main character driven by some clearly defined desire, whether romantic, emotional or practical."

So when we write, and when we critique, we need to clearly identify pay attention to that core -- which is the one sentence summary.

Steve points out that students often have stories that never really reveal the protagonist's passion. Simple alienation and frustration just isn't all that interesting. Now revealing the thwarted desire underneath that ... ah, you might have a story there!

Similarly, many student stories suffer from plot drift. If you're not sure who the central character is, or what he or she wants, then you get a mishmash of bits and pieces. And as the plot drifts, the summary sentence bloats. And readers wonder where things are going.

Third, even when you pick a single plot, sometimes it just isn't pushed enough. Once you set up the conflict, push it. Make sure that the stakes are high, and that the hero or heroine really agonizes over the decision -- and then remorselessly play out the hand. Once you have your hero and their desire, force them to face all their feelings, and the results.

And we have exercises! Yeah, Steve!
  1. Read over a copy of your latest short story or novel. And, of course, boil the plot down to a one-sentence summary. What's the core of your story?
  2. Then check -- are there elements of the story that don't contribute to that plot? Try cutting them. Did you lose anything essential? (Tink's note: save them for later. At least, I feel better putting those clippings in a file for later, even if I do kind of lose track of all the clippings mouldering in files)
  3. If you can't summarize the story in a single sentence, consider: Did you establish the protagonist and his desires clearly enough? Is there more than one plot? Which one is the most compelling?
  4. Take a look at your favorite short story or novel and think about how events are structured. Is it fair to say that the events are engineered to push the protagonist against his deepest desires and fears?
Tink's ramblings...

So, the great plot test is to see if there is a one-sentence summary that really boils the story down to its core. And if there isn't, to develop one, and pare things down to that core.

Write!
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original Posting 26 Dec. 2009

The other evening, I stumbled over a short session on TV with an artist working with two students. This particular artist apparently is of the manga comic persuasion. He was helping the students develop four panel comics. What I found intriguing was the broad descriptions of each of the panels that he gave while they were drawing.

Basically, he said that the first panel needs to show something happening -- the setting and a problem. So one of the students drew someone in their bed with the sun shining through the windows -- the person is stretching, throwing the covers back, groaning it's morning! The other student drew a washing machine that was leaking and the kids looking at the leak.

Then, he said, the second panel shows the first reaction of the characters, with the problem getting worse. The first student had their character getting a small milk carton out and not being able to open it. Frustration! The other student showed one of their characters climbing into the washer, headfirst, to find out where that leak was coming from.

The third panel is catastrophe, with the problem getting the upper hand and the stakes going up. The first student had their character yelling and violently trying to pull the carton open. The second student had the upside down character madly spinning around in the washer gone crazy.

The fourth panel is the punchline, with some kind of resolution or release. The first student had their character taking a chainsaw to that stubborn milk carton. The teacher pointed out that there should be a small geyser of milk to let us know that the chainsaw did the job. The second student had the character hanging on a clothesline in the sunshine, drying out.

What I thought was fun about this is the way that it parallels a short story. That initial hook, some action, in media res, and a hint at the setting to get us started. Act one, if you will. Followed by complications and frustrations as things get worse. That's act two all the way. And then the climax, the resolution as the character does something incredible. Act three.

The other thing that was interesting to me was the problems that these two students used for their comics. The frustration of getting up, and a  leaking washing machine. Neither one is earth shattering great issues, and yet the comics were fun. In some ways, I think using these kind of little everyday problems that we can all relate to is really better than the huge crises.

Anyway, something to think about. Four panel comics as a pattern or template for stories.
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 13 August 2009

[psst? Working on those contest stories? a quest, a quest, my kingdom for a ...]

Over on her blog, Jacqueline Lichtenberg takes a strong stance about scenes. Basically, she considers scenes to be the fundamental building block for writing. And while she admits that they may be hard to see in polished professional work, she recommends working on making building blocks and then learning how to mesh them into a larger story.

She identifies six key characteristics of scenes. Let's take a look at her six fundamentals.
  1. Beginning, middle, end. Start with a narrative hook, at the midpoint raise the stakes and have something change, and end with a cliffhanger/setup/foreshadowing of the next scene. Drag the reader into the scene, make something happen, and link to the next scene.
  2. Every scene needs to provide character arc. Emotional tension needs to rise or fall in the scene. Change is caused by conflict, as we move towards resolution.
  3. Every scene advances the plot. There must be at least one plot moving event in the scene. (Elsewhere Jacqueline says that plot is the sequence of events)
  4. Every scene needs to advance the story. Something needs to change in how the main character sees things. An event, learning, dialogue, figure it out -- somehow the character sees the world differently. (Elsewhere Jacqueline says that story is how the character interprets events -- what they mean to the character.)
  5. Every scene needs conflict and resolution. There's a chain: hook->conflict->resolution->handoff (cliffhanger with implied action/tension).
Okay? She points out that the purpose of the scene is four-fold. First, to grab attention. That's the job of the first characteristic. Second, to hold attention. That's what the character arc does for us. Third, to deliver a message. This is done by a combination of the plot moving event (3) and its meaning or story (4). Fourth, to make the reader want more. That's what the fifth characteristic, especially the cliffhanger at the end does for us. A little reward -- the resolution -- and a tease to keep us coming back.

The sixth characteristic is probably the hardest to swallow. Basically, scenes are a standard length in most genres. According to Jacqueline, this works out to be 750 words -- or about three minutes of reading. Longer scenes are possible, but they run into readers and publishers who like them short. This size is based on the market, and Jacqueline suggests it may be shrinking.

It's kind of an interesting notion. The concrete blocks of writing... one scene at a time. Stack them up, clunk, clunk, clunk...and there's a wall!

What do you think? Are those basic characteristics of every scene? What about that length notion? Hum?

I have to admit, I haven't read any of this author's writing -- I just saw these blog postings listed somewhere and took a look at them. Alien romances? Science fiction romance, futuristic or paranormal romances?

Jacqueline Lichtenberg

6 Tricks of Scene Structure
http://aliendjinnromances.blogspot.com/2009/07/6-tricks-of-scene-structure.html

6 Tricks of Scene Structure - Part 2
http://aliendjinnromances.blogspot.com/2009/07/6-tricks-of-scene-structure-part-2.html
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original Posting 6 June 2009

Hum. I could have sworn I saw a posting asking for "can't fail" plotting help. Okay, so I'm answering a plea that wasn't posted. Oh, well, I enjoyed writing it up :-)
  1. Remember the advice that the King gives to the White Rabbit: "Begin at the beginning and go on till you come to the end: then stop."
  2. I've forgotten where I picked this up, but I like steppingstones plotting. What do I mean? Put down a word or phrase for a starting scene at the top of a sheet of paper, do the same for a climax at the bottom, then sketch in the key scenes to get from one to the other. Rearrange the steppingstones as needed. Then write adding smaller scenes and details as you go. A rough plan, but my own, and then write, write, write.
  3. How about ye olde three act structure? Still a good solid framework to work from. Start with an inciting incident -- a disturbance that sets things going. Move along to the first doorway of no return -- a confrontation that forces the character out of the ordinary into conflicts. And then there's the middle, where we fill in with conflicts -- throwing rocks at the character up in the tree? Until we get to the second doorway of no return, the final confrontation where the stakes are so high that the character must make a total commitment to win or lose in the climax. The rest, as they say, is left as an exercise for the student.
  4. 20 Master plots, seven basic plots, Heinlein's trio of romance -- the little tailor -- and the man who came to realize -- pick your favorite basic plot skeletons. Yes, you've seen them before, and you will see them again. Why? Because they work, and work, and work. Rescue the victim, Slay the monster, Find the treasure, Boy meets Girl, Sin and Redemption, Betrayal and Revenge, Impersonation, Overcoming High Odds, Quest... use them. No charge.
  5. Last, but not least. Start with "Once upon a time..." and finish with "And they lived happily ever after." You fill in the middle. And then revise as needed. Works every time.
Plot: arranging scenes and events in a meaningful order. Luckily, you don't have to know the order to start. You are free to revise to improve the plot. So if you think you know what you want to write, do it. Then if you think of something better along the way, change it.

The real key is to write and finish what you write. Then do it again.

Hope that helps.

last night upon the list, I saw a posting that wasn't there. It wasn't there again today, oh gosh, I hope it stays away, that nagging posting that isn't here...
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 00:04:02 EDT

The deadline is coming up day by day on the calendar, and you still haven't figured out how to shoehorn a story into just 200 words?

[Actually, this is generous. Robyn, our master of the miniature marvels, prefers the 100 word jewel--usually doing them in all one-syllable words, to make the jaw drop harder. But the contest is 200 words.]

So, let's consider blocking out a 200 word story. We probably want to go with something simple, such as:

Opening scene - 50 words. Establish main characters, show goal(s), and set the story question for the reader.

[ Once upon a time, there were three pigs and a wolf. The wolf loved nothing better than huffing and puffing and blowing houses down. The pigs, having left home because they had other fat to fry as they turned from cute little piglets into real boars, each built a home. 50 words]

One or two intermediate scenes - 100 words. Add some details, build up the tension and the stakes, and don't forget that the protagonist needs to be lose in these scenes! Things should get harder for the protagonist, not easier...

[ The first pig was way too eager to dive into the garbage that mom had always kept him out of, so he just grabbed a piece of cardboard and set up housekeeping in the street. The wolf laughed, puffed without trying, and then grabbed a tail sticking out of the pizza boxes. And that was the end of the first pig.

The second pig listened to a realtor and bought a real fixer-upper, cheap. Then he called the psychic hotline and asked when he should fix it. He was still listening when the wolf dropped by.

"I'd huff, and I'd puff, but you don't even have a door!"

That was the end of the second pig. 126 words...bit fat, there. trim later]

Then comes the ending scene, the climax of the story, where good and bad face off, where write meets rong and tells y, and all that jazz. Aim at 50 words, and you'll be pretty close.

[ The third pig founded a society.

When the wolf saw Porcine Aid Society stickers on every house, and all those eyes watching him when he walked near the home of the third pig, he gulped, swallowed, and decided to look for easier pickings.

And that's the end of this tale. 50 Words!]

Next, especially with these little beauties, go back and polish. Take out words that don't contribute. Turn the pages of your thesaurus and make sure you are using the exactly right word--show your reader Twain's lightning, not the lightning bug.

Tighten it up, make the words sing, and send it along

Tick, tick, tick...10 more days!
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 24 April 2009

Writer's Digest, September 2005, page 52 offers a small exercise to go with a column about series. They simply suggest you go through the list and pick a plot hook to help get started. I think it might work better if you pick a number from 1 to 8. Have you got your number? Good, because here's the plot hook that you picked:
  1. Job-related. Plot arises from your main character's job or hobby. What might inflame someone's passions enough to kill?
  2. Take it on the road. A vacation or job-related trip lets you work in new characters and settings.
  3. Change in romantic status. A breakup gives you the chance to bring new characters into play.
  4. The locked-room mystery. Variations include the mystery set on an island, in a snowstorm or even on a train, as in Agatha Christie's Murder on the Orient Express.
  5. "Stop me before I kill again!" Any "ticking clock" type of plot naturally turns up the heat.
  6. Second chance. The main character must confront his weaknesses or troubles from the past.
  7. "But she didn't do it!" The main character must prove her own innocence, or the innocence of a close friend or relative.
  8. Can't go to the authorities. They're corrupt, they won't understand, the hostage will be killed -- but still our main character must solve the crime.
There you go. Eight little seeds to help start a mystery garden. Add some water, a little fertilizer, let the little grey cells do their magic, and...

Write!
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 15 February 2009

Reading like a Writer

Writer's Digest, January 2006, pages 44 and 45, have an article by Linda Busby Parker with the title "Read like a Writer." The point is that you should be learning from writers that you like to read. How do you learn from your reading?

"Observant reading -- the most basic and invaluable route to better your craft -- shouldn't be overlooked." Look for how the author "develops characters, nudges the plot, blends transitions, create suspense and opens our heart."

So you're going to look at how your favorite writers work. If you're like me, you may need to read them at least once just to get past the reading -- I certainly get stuck in reader mode, and forget to watch how they're doing it.

Linda suggests two approaches to looking at plot in your reading. The first is to make note cards, with a card for every plot point. In many stories, you need to include shifts in plots and subplots. Linda recommends including page numbers on each card to let you really go back and look at how this writer put together the storyline. The other approach that Linda suggests is to use highlighters, with one color for each main plot and subplot.

Transition sentences. These are often practically unnoticed in casual reading, but they are keys to how your author ties together the plot and subplots. "How does the author shift from one scene to another?" Stop and take a look at those transition sentences, and how they introduce setting and time and characters. Think about how you could use similar transition sentences.

Character development is the other big thread that you want to study. How does this writer show you their characters? You can use note cards or highlighters, and identify how they've used description, other characters, dialogue, mannerisms, and interior monologue.

The sidebar suggests five other points that you might want to look at in a close reading -- a reading to learn as a writer, rather than simply enjoying the story.
  1. Analyze scene handling.
  2. Study dialogue
  3. How do they establish setting?
  4. What conflicts face the main character?
  5. How does the novel get resolved?
Fair warning -- this really isn't reading for enjoyment. And sometimes you may find yourself taking apart a book rather than dropping into that reader's zone. But learning can be fun, too.

Exercise? How about picking up that book you know so well. And take a close look at how the writer has constructed it. Look at the beginning scene, the characters, the plot -- and the words and sentences that make that magic happen.

and then write like that!

put some clouds in the sky, maybe a drop of rain, with black letters?
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 17 Oct 1993

>>> Item number 19203 from WRITERS LOG9310C --- (62 records) ----- <<<
Date: Sun, 17 Oct 1993 18:00:04 JST
Reply-To: WRITERS <WRITERS@NDSUVM1.BITNET>
Sender: WRITERS <WRITERS@NDSUVM1.BITNET>
From: Mike Barker <barker@AEGIS.OR.JP>
Subject: METACRIT: It's been done before

[meta-comment on critiques - is this TECH?]

"It's been done before. See xxx, yyy, zzz,..." seems to be a popular critique, and there is a certain justice in it. After all, it is somewhat embarrassing when an editor says "Shakespeare did this, and his version is more readable than yours."

(it is even worse when someone says "they did that on Gilligan's Island, and they stole it from the Three Stooges." And the real pits are when someone says "Didn't I see that on When The World Turns..." Luckily, most editors won't admit that they know these versions:-)

However, I am unconvinced. Kuhn, over in the scientific paradigm land, points out that many important discoveries come about when new people, somewhat unaware of the prevailing "wisdom", take a fresh look at exactly those old points that "everybody knows" don't go anywhere. It is embarrassingly evident in literature that the lists of "cliches" are often close matches to current bestsellers and prize-winning new author's works.

So why does one re-telling get booed while another gets printed?

I think part of the difference lies in types of stories. Those stories which primarily depend on a single twist or some similar trick are likely to fail if they have been done before in a similar way - try to rewrite an O'Henry short story, for example, and you are likely to end up with something pretty stale.

But, if you work at characterization, setting, and the rest of the details, if your story has that elusive quality of "depth" to it, then it is more likely to stand up even if it echoes an older story.

If you happen to know it is like other stories, then spend the time to work out a new slant, a new approach, a new solution or some other variation if possible - or at least make sure your story digs deeper and shows some other details than those other stories. But don't get hung up on avoiding all possible echoes of previous stories, or in trying to read all the libraries of the world to avoid ever redoing some theme.

Just make sure your story is the best one you can write. Make sure it is really your story, told as only you can tell it.

Then (when someone points out the other well-known writers' versions) laugh and admit that those other storytellers were pretty smart, figuring out what you were going to write before you wrote it. You can also borrow the old line about "great minds work in similar ruts" if you like.

So what if it's been done before - birth, death, love, even lunch has been done before, but it's still worth doing again now and then...

(If you believe in reincarnation, then all of it really has been done before... again and again and again. Take one eight-fold path and call me in the next life:-)
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 3 August 2008

Chapter 15: Contemplative Scenes

Walking through Make a Scene by Jordan Rosenfeld, in Part Three about scene types, suspense scenes, and dramatic scenes, we now turn our attention to contemplative scenes.

"Contemplation -- the act of careful consideration or examination of thoughts and feelings and smaller details -- is the antithesis of action." Rosenfeld suggests that good contemplative scenes:
  • have more interior monologue than action or dialogue
  • are slow-paced, letting the reader get a deep intimate look at the protagonist's inner life
  • focus on the protagonist interacting with self and setting more than other characters
  • give the protagonist time to digest what is happened and decide what to do next
  • let the character reflect and the reader catch their breath before or after an intense scene
These are good for thoughtful consideration and reflection, but they're also slow. So you need to balance the pace.

Interior monologue is the mark of contemplative scenes. The protagonist is thinking, and the reader learns things about the plot and character from those thoughts. The old convention of italics for interior monologue is usually now simple, elegant exposition. Remember that interior monologue is very intimate, with the reader inside the mind of the character.

Contemplative scenes often open with interior monologue, setting description, or transitional action. You need to let the reader know quickly that we're going to slow down.

If you start to contemplative scene with interior monologue, make sure that the thoughts are related to the scene that just ended. Don't make readers guess what the protagonist is reflecting about.

Setting description, on the other hand, gives the reader a little bit of physical reality, then dives into the thoughts. Use the setting details to kick off the character of thinking and feeling. This little bit of interaction with the setting can provide an alternative to action for contemplative scenes.

Sometimes, of course, you can do a little bit of transitional action, usually finishing up the action of the last scene. Then slow down and contemplate.

Character and plot -- the contemplative scene is really there to give in-depth understanding of the character, and how they are reacting to whatever's going on. You want the contemplative scene to focus on the protagonist:
  • having realistic and appropriate responses to an event
  • struggling with something that has happened recently or is about to happen
  • making a plan, thinking about options, or coming to a decision
One of the difficulties of a contemplative scene is keeping dramatic tension high. Mostly, you do that by including internal conflict, including unspecified dangers, or creating an eerie or tense atmosphere. Danger or mystery on the horizon, or settings that make the reader nervous, are likely to keep the tension high.

Setting is often used to provide mood and ambience for contemplation scenes. Setting details can provide balance for the thoughts and feelings. You can keep the contemplation in touch with reality with occasional detail of the setting.

Contemplative scenes usually end with a little return of energy and action. You might end with a sudden action cliffhanger, or with a moment of decision. You can end with a surprise, or a bit of foreshadowing pointing to what's coming next. You need to set up the next scene, and get the reader ready to go again.

Rosenfeld's checkpoints for contemplative scenes:
1. Does the contemplative scene balance or slow down action?
2. Does the contemplative scene signal that it is a contemplative scene as quickly as possible?
3. Does the contemplative scene focus on the inner life of the protagonist?
4. Does the protagonist grapple with a conflict, dilemma, or decision?
5. Are setting details used to create dramatic tension and establish a mood?
6. Does the end of the scene return the reader to action?
Next we will be taking a look at dialogue scenes, but for right now, let's reflect on those contemplative scenes.

Assignments? Probably the first question is whether you want to use a contemplative scene or not? While Rosenfeld suggests that traditional literary fiction uses them, he also admits that most genre and other writing uses them very sparingly if at all. I think in most of these you're more likely to see the contemplative paragraph.

In any case, you might try looking at a book that you enjoy and identifying a contemplative scene. Or take a piece of your writing and consider how you might use a contemplative scene in it. How would you introduce it, and how would you spend time letting the protagonist think out loud without boring the reader? How do you mark the ending of a contemplative scene, and return to the car chases?

'saright? Something to think about, eh?
and write!

When we write, we introduce unknown friends to each other.
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 15 June 2008

Make a Scene by Jordan Rosenfeld

It's that time again? Okay, core elements so far include setting, senses, and people. But of course you want the people to do something, right? In the trade that's called plot. And indeed, Rosenfeld next talks about plot.

He starts by pointing out that random events unfolding over time just isn't terribly interesting to most people. We want significance, a meaningful series of events that reveals insights and gives spirits and emotions a jolt. That's the plot. He also points out the plot is not a story! The story can be a sequence of events, a string of information about a cast of characters in a given time and place. The plot adds meaning or method to that story, bringing in tension, energy, momentum. "Plot is the related string of consequences that follow from the significant situation... in your narrative, which darn well better get addressed, complicated, and resolved through engaging, well-crafted scenes by the end." So what makes a plot go? Information.

If you consider the plot as the puzzle that the reader is trying to solve, then each scene adds some pieces for the reader to fit in. Crucial bits of information, teasingly revealed to the reader in small bites so that they are hungry for more.

Probably one of the most important points is that every scene in your narrative must pertain to your plot. Even the most lyrical philosophical or wonderingly beautiful depiction of scenery needs to be related to the plot. Scenes are there to make events real for the reader. And every scene has to deliver at least one new piece of information answering one of these well-known questions: who? What? Where? When? Why? How? And the information should really do three things:
  1. Fill in another piece of the puzzle
  2. Change the course of the main character's thoughts, feelings, or actions
  3. Lead to new consequences, actions, or behaviors that move the plot forward
Who? Not just general character information, but character-related plot information. Identity, the past, secrets, changes of heart. Let your characters surprise each other, revealing new information about each other, about things hidden or covered up, about things denied or protected. As much is possible, reveal things through speech for dialogue or action -- avoid the internal monologues.

What? What next, what do the characters need to learn, what does everyone want to know?

Where? Usually not too crucial, although the setting and background are always important. But they are mostly backdrop. If there are crucial details, make sure they are revealed in the scene and play into the plot, that they affect the character, and that they generate actions that lead to other plot related consequences.

When? Historical, or just the season or time of day. Do make sure that time sequences are feasible. This can be startling, contradictory, or unexpected -- especially when someone puts together when something must have happened with where they were and realizes that something isn't quite right.

Why? Motivation. "Don't fall into the habit of explaining why in narrative summary." Work through the actions dialogue, and flashback scenes that show motivation. It's harder, but it also makes the story richer for readers.

How? We all love seeing McGyver whipping out his trusty Swiss pocket knife and combining this and that with a knowledge of arcane details to make something work. Method is one of those things that mystery writers love to work on, but almost any scene and story can use a healthy dash of how. You as the writer need to know how things were done ahead of time, and then reveal this to the reader through dialogue or other methods. The missing clue that explains just how somebody did something -- readers wait for those revelations.

Doling out the answers -- Rosenfeld suggests that we all get in a hurry to give away the answers, but we need to think about small carefully-orchestrated revelations that keep the reader going. Certainly some scenes may reveal several bits of information, but others will have one very important jewel to display. Don't get too rushed. Rosenthal doesn't suggest it, but it might be worthwhile to consider just how you have laid out the information in your story -- if it's all up at the front, then readers don't have anything to look forward to. If it's all at the end, they'll starve before they get there. You need to have small snacks of information scattered throughout the story, kind of like breadcrumbs guiding your readers to the feast at the end.

Rosenfeld does suggest considering the narrative in three parts. Scenes in the first part need to lay the foundation with just enough information to ground the reader, get the reader involved in the action of the significant situation so that the reader knows what the plot is all about, and create mystery or suspense by withholding information. In the middle part, scenes need to raise the ante new and surprising information, force characters to change or redirect their actions due to conflict in danger, and introduce red herrings and false leads. Notice that we're not giving away secrets or crucial plot information that actually resolves the plot. And the third and final part, we tie up all the threads that got going. Answer the questions, reveal truths, conclude the drama, let characters settle into the changes, and make sure that the readers feel a sense of conclusion.

Whenever you're writing a new scene, take a look at the last scene, and think about what the next step for the reader really needs to be. Up the ante, keep the action moving, tie into the initial significant situation, and be full of consequences growing more complicated and then being addressed and resolved, and don't forget the antagonist helping the conflict. Or as Rosenfeld says, pick the next byte of plot information that:
  1. Involves your main character
  2. Is related to the significant situation or one of the consequences
  3. Gives readers the impression of having more knowledge or clues, or revealing new information
  4. Adds complications and resolves an earlier complication
Simple, right? And keep all the other dishes spinning on their little sticks at the same time :-)

A bit shy on time today, so let's make the assignment a DIY one. As usual, take the tools from this episode and try exercising them.

In other words, write :-)

When we write, the plot's the thing wherein we'll capture the dreams of a king!
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
[Off the topic, but . . . I'm feeling the weight of those feet of clay today.

Had an encounter with academic bureaucracy, and while they all seem to feel that it has worked out well, spending a half-hour on the phone and having to explain repeatedly to people that being stupid was not going to make me go away is irritating, to say the least.

(well, I put it more politely - you tell me I have to have A to get B, but I can't have A until I produce B - this is a Catch-22, folks, can you help me fix it? which was fallacious, since I had not caused the problem nor could I fix it, but I've noticed that people are more likely to help me fix it than they are to admit that they GOOFED! And in the end, they figured out a way to get me C, thus perhaps getting me B by next week, which may, in due time, allow me to do A! Which I thought was the point of the whole exercise in futility, but :-)

Bless the idjits, for they shall be with us always. Right.]

Anyway, let's ignore that. How about a writing exercise?

Hum, perhaps, oh, let's see . . .

Why not?

[get on your marks]

Pick a character. You know the kind, the sort of person who . . . well, sure, that one.

Okay? Now what do they want to achieve? Come on, you know. They want to get to the other side of town, pick up their suit from the cleaners, plant a colony on Mars, invent the next great toothpaste flavor? Whatever, get it clear in your mind. You might even like to make a list of the steps they are taking to get there.

[get set]

Now roll your die. Pick a number from one to six.
1. Bureaucratic bafflement
2. Natural disaster
3. Deliberate interference
4. Accidental animal in the muddle
5. Family demands
6. Personal confusion
So now you have something that can get in the way, right? Spend a few minutes thinking about the wonderful ways that this stumbling block can become a great mountain range between your character and their heart's desire. Ready?

[BANG! Go!]

And write. Have your character starting towards their goal, and encountering the wonders of opposition and resistance, the delights of being pushed further and further from their agenda. And then, with a roar of indignation and commitment, with the blood dripping from their head and hands, with the spare tire flapping madly on the bent rim . . .

Tell us what happens!

(grumble, grumble, grumble . . . I can't believe they did that. Without telling me. And then they explain that . . . argh!)

When we write, we learn about ourselves.
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 27 September 2007

How do I plot?

Or how should I plot?

Let me recount some ways.

Imprimus, perhaps, we have the way of the English teacher. Outlines, character sheets, and more detailing until the words are almost an afterthought. Prepare first is the byword on this path.

Secundus, there are the improvisational players, jazzing it up on the spur of the muses. With a hope and a dream, they whip out the story in rough form, and then revise and tinker their words to fame. Onward, onward, into the teeth of the plot, wrote the seven hundred.

Tertius, if that's the word, there are approaches like the steppingstones. Put down a word or phrase for a starting scene at the top of a sheet of paper, do the same for a climax at the bottom, then sketch in the key scenes to get from one to the other. Rearrange the steppingstones as needed. Then write adding smaller scenes and details as you go. A rough plan, but my own, and then write, write, write.

Let's back up a moment and consider what we mean by plot. I think of it as selecting and ordering the scenes for dramatic impact. You can do it several ways. Some people find it easier to see in bullet points or outlines, others use 3x5 cards tacked to a board, and others make up a sequence in their head. Some simply write, then clean and hack to find the story in the verbiage. No matter how you tackle it, thinking of alternatives and changes is likely to be a part of the process, so relax and work with it. Remember, readers only see the final version, but those cleanups are what make it really good.

There are some clues to help guide your choice of ways to plot. For example, starting with an ending - a climactic scene- often seems to help pull the rest of the menagerie of writing into shape. Having a rich stockpile of bits and pieces - stock plots and dramatic situations - makes it easier, so read widely. Many people find it useful to consider characters and plot separately, but the plot is these characters in action so you can also consider the plot as the expression of the characters - or maybe we see the characters reveal themselves in actions which develop a plot?

One thought from the World Science Fiction Convention. One of the panelists commented that English teachers have taught us all tools for analysis, for taking apart stories that are already written. But what we need are tools for construction, for tackling a blank sheet of paper and generating a story. So perhaps instead of trying so hard to pin down the plot and other pieces, we need to encourage alternatives and growth?

How do I plot? Well, part of it is scanning lists of archtypes - the master plots and other lists like that. E.g., I even find the short summaries of old westerns, kabuki plays, and such evocative. Part of it is putting together characters - a strong character helps define their own actions. And part of it is just mystery, something that sparks while writing, something that catches my attention when I'm reading the news, odds and ends that combine to suggest a story. I do find that scribbling bits and pieces here and there is helpful. I'm not, personally, one of the great outliners, although I like having at least a rough idea of the sequence of major scenes and the climax. I'll often write a version of the climax first, then figure out how to get there.

Not perhaps the best answer or the most complete, but it's an answer.

You might also take a look at some of the web postings about plot. For example, Holly Lisle at http://hollylisle.com/fm/Workshops/plot-outline.html walks through her approach to creating a plot and http://hollylisle.com/fm/Workshops/notecard_plotting.html talks about fast plotting.

A search for "plot outline" nets a bunch of links.
http://www.wendy-wheeler.com/7point.html provides a seven point skeleton.
http://www.atfantasy.com/view/84 yacks about outlining and creativity.
http://www.fictionfactor.com/articles/outlining.html has a nice discussion of various approaches.
and so on . . .

Good question. How do you plot?

And how do you use your plot while writing?

Something to contemplate as we look ahead to Halloween Horrors, NaNoWriMo, 6 in 6, and the rest of a writing winter!

tink
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting 4 September 2007

Hum. Little or no time, but on another list, I saw a rehash of the famous discussions of how many plots are there (and what good does it do)? Anyway, along the way various folks starting spouting out their "plot skeletons" - the key notions that they use to hang a story by, if you will.

E.g. man against man, man against society, man against nature.

Or maybe:
Rescue the victim
Slay the monster
Find the treasure

boy meets girl
sin and redemption
betrayal and revenge
impersonation
overcoming high odds
quest
There's Polti's list of dramatic elements, there's the 20 masterplots, plenty of plots to go around.

But what are the ones you like to use? If you want to start with one of the big lists, at least highlight the ones that you really feel driven to write about. Or maybe just start from your own heart, and try to sketch out the ones that sing for you right now.

Make a list of . . . say five to ten . . . key plot skeletons for you. Give each one a memorable title, and maybe sketch in the main acts or scenes of the plot. Feel free to share your list with WRITERS (that's us) or keep it close. But consider drawing up a list of the plots you want to use, and when you feel dry, take a glimmer of the news or some such and consider how you might tell those stories again - you'll find that it refreshes both the stories and your juices.

Let the muse play sometimes.
watcha'tink?
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Writers Digest, October 2004, pages 45 to 47 had an article by Martha Alderson describing how she organizes her historical novels. The same idea really applies to any kind of novel. Here's how Martha describes it. "Trying to keep track of plots, subplots, characters and themes in a novel you're writing can be difficult. . . . How do you track and interweave all the threads of a successful historical novel -- the dates, history and research; the action plot line; the character development and the thematic significance -- without the whole becoming a tangled mess? The approach I take is to create a visual representation of my story: a historical timeline."

Martha describes using a 6 foot piece of butcher paper with post-it notes, but the same basic approach seems to work with a spreadsheet or even a Word table. One of the nice things about a spreadsheet is that it is designed to allow you to insert new rows or even new columns. However you keep track of it, you might want to start with Martha's columns.

Column 1: Dates/Historical Plot. This is the frame of the story. It needs to start with the date that your story begins. Add events and issues that occur during that time period. Martha points out that even if you aren't basing your story on history, having a background of at least one major and one minor event and maybe a trivial event gives your story a little more richness or depth. What's going on around your story?

Column 2: Summaries. This is where Martha keeps summaries of longer periods that may not even show up in the scenes of the story. That way when a scene starts "seven years later . . ." this column shows what's happened during those seven years.

Column 3: Scene/Action Plot. This is the column for the scenes that actually make up the story. The conflicts, confrontations and turning points show up here. Martha suggests that the notes you put here should focus on the conflict, tension or suspense -- the pivot in the scene.

Column 4: Character Development. Even short stories usually have some growth or change in the characters. You may need to divide this column into several parts, but at the very least you need to record the main character's achievements. You can also keep important character background information in this column.

Column 5: Thematic Details. The theme is why -- what you want readers to realize or take away story. You can use this column to collect plot details that contribute to the theme and meaning , the sights and sounds, smells and tastes, slang  and vocabulary choice, all the little stuff that gives your story texture. This

The trick of course is to fill in the timeline or table working down and across, going back and revising where necessary, and making it a real working document that makes writing the scenes easier.

An exercise you might try is to take a story or working on or story you like and try making up a table like this. Or ask yourself what other column you might like to see to describe your own writing?

In any case, feel free to use the tool to help yourself get organized, but don't forget to write.
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
[for anyone just tuning in - I'm wandering through a book called Plot & Structure by James Scott Bell. We're just getting started, so you haven't missed much at all.]

So where were we? I jumped right into the introduction without discussing the structure of the book. Looking at the table of contents, Bell starts with the introduction where he argues that the Big Lie that writers are born not made should give way to the Truth that the craft of writing can be learned. Then we have:
  1. What's a plot, anyway?
  2. Structure: what holds your plot together
  3. How to explode with plot ideas
  4. Beginning strong
  5. Middles
  6. Endings
  7. Scenes
  8. Complex plots
  9. The character arc in plot
  10. Plotting systems
  11. Revising your plot
  12. Plot patterns
  13. Common plot problems and cures
  14. Tips and tools for plot and structure
In appendix A, we have a checklist of critical points. While B has creating your own back cover copy. And of course there's the index.

So about 16 more pieces, depending on whether I get excited and do a chapter per posting or more than one posting per chapter. We'll see how it goes. Just  a glance at Chapter 1, though, suggests that there may be multiple postings per chapter. There's just a lot of good stuff in this book, so we may do more postings to give ourselves time to think about it.

For example, Chapter 1 starts out with the question of what is a plot. Bell points out that writers vary. Some work their stories in detail before they write, mentally, on index cards, in a computer database, or some other way. Others sit down and just start writing, letting the story flow. And there are those who are in between, with a bit of planning and surprises and spontaneity. But no matter which approach you take, when the manuscript is done, there is some kind of a plot there. It may be good or it may be bad, but we need to ask does it work. And Bell has a simple definition for working -- does it connect with readers? Obviously some writers don't care about readers, and that's okay. But if you want to be published and sell, agents, publishers, and readers want to know things like, "what's this story about?" Or "why should I keep reading?" Or "why should I care?" And these are all plot questions!

So the plot is what happens. And that's what this book is all about.

Bell has a quote from Jean Hanff Korelitz. Apparently as a young editorial assistant in New York, she and her colleagues felt the plot -- telling a good story -- was simply not desirable. But then she wrote her own novels. And here's what she says:
"When you get right down to it, there's something uniquely satisfying in being gripped by a great plot, in begrudging whatever real-world obligations might prevent you from finding out what happens next. And it is especially satisfying to surrender to an author who is utterly in command of a thrilling and original story, an author capable of playing us like fish, of letting us get worried, then riled up, then complacent and then finally blowing us away from the final shocks are delivered."
Korelitz concludes that glorious prose without an enthralling story is just verbal tapioca.

And Bell suggests, "But if you want readers, you must consider plot, whether you sniff at it or not."

Believe it or not, that's just the first two pages of Chapter 1, and there is still plenty more. But I think I'll stop here for this posting.

What do you think? Why do readers, along with the agents and publishers, focus on what's happening, the plot of the story? When we describe a book that we really liked to someone, we usually start out by giving a little plot sketch, perhaps along with a tiny comment about the leading character. Why?

But the key question, I suppose, is simple. What do you consider a plot? When I ask you to describe the plot of your story, how do you answer me?
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
First posted 29 April 2007

Frustration is a writer's best friend

Writer's Digest, August 2004, pages 43 through 45, has an article by Nancy Kress talking about the most important emotion for your characters. You may need love and desire, you may have hatred and anger, but Nancy tells us that the most important emotion is frustration.
"Without frustration, there's no plot. Period. Frustration means that someone's not getting what he wants, and that's what makes a story work."
First, how does frustration work into characterization? Well, how do your family
and friends handle frustration? You've probably seen:
  • Anger
  • Tears
  • Determination to try harder
  • Blaming the closest person
  • Blaming the universe
  • Blaming oneself
  • Drinking
  • Venting to a trusted friend
  • Giving up
  • Seeking revenge on whatever is causing the frustration
  • Prayer
  • Stoicism
  • Depression
  • And many others!
How does your character respond to frustration? You want to decide this based on two things, what kind of person she or he is and what you want your plot to do. This needs to be part of the overall characterization. Think about the natural response to frustration, along with how well is at controlling and modifying that response, perhaps by substitution.

In regard to plotting, Nancy says "How your character handles frustration will heavily influence your plot. Does she fight back, seeking revenge on whomever's blocking her? Then your plot will feature fights and payback schemes. Does he give up? Then someone will need to motivate and/or rescue him, or else he'll have to learn to live without whatever he wants (both respectable plots)." Think about how your character reacts when he doesn't get something. Does this reaction provide you with plot ideas?

So let's suppose you've got the frustration. The next question that Nancy turns to is how to portray frustration, or dramatization. "How well you portray frustration can make the difference between characters who seem real and those who seem cardboard. A common mistake is to assume that your readers just know what your character's feeling. This usually occurs because the author feels exactly what the character does and assumes the reader does, too." Unfortunately, we don't all feel the same, so you need to dramatize the frustration, fully and convincingly so that the readers share it. You need to let the readers know what the character is feeling, the mix of emotions and the thoughts behind it. Nancy suggests that we use three methods to dramatize the reaction to frustration, body language, dialogue, and the character's thoughts.

Frustration and other emotions affect our bodies. So showing the physical reaction, gestures, facial reactions, tone of voice, breathing, and so on really shows us the character's feelings. Especially for a point-of-view characters, you can describe bodily reactions in detail. Notice your own physical reactions, your throat, your eyes, your stomach, even the itching in your toes, then use them to create character reactions that your readers can identify with.

Body language, though, is ambiguous. Are those tears of anger or sadness? Dialogue can help identify the frustrations. "Set up a situation in which a character would reasonably talk out his frustrations with a listener who might reasonably sit still to hear them."

Finally, for a point-of-view character, you can dip into their thoughts. Nancy points out that you need to be careful not to substitute thinking for action. A few thoughts for clarity and flavor, but mostly use action and drama. Make sure your characters do things, not just think about doing them.
"Frustration is universal. Make it work for you by building characterization, driving plot and hooking our sympathy on your characters' plights. What frustrates them will benefit your fiction."
Let's see. There is a sidebar exercise, too. Three easy steps.
  1. Think about the last time you felt completely frustrated. Remember as much as you can about how you felt, what you thought, how your body reacted. Make a list of the key points.
  2. List three people that you know well who have personality types different from yours. For each one, write down how she or he might react to the same frustration. What would they think? Feel? Say out loud? What would they do?
  3. Look at your lists. Are any of these characters interesting to you? If so, imagine giving them more and larger frustrations. Repeated harassment from a neighbor, an unfair job firing, identity theft, or whatever you  like. Do their reactions provide you with more plot developments for this situation?
I'll toss in that you might want to do this whenever you are facing a conflict or frustration in your story. Think about how you and several other people might react to that frustration, then use the one that really fits the character and story you are building.

So remember, flavor your stories with frustration and watch your characters grow.
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting: Fri, 23 May 1997 12:46:18 EDT

The Writer's Journey: Mythic Structure for Storytellers and
Screenwriters by Christopher Vogler
ISBN 0-941188-13-2

Who would benefit from reading this? Anyone who wants to draw on the strength and models of the oldest storytelling traditions of humanity may find this a useful summary of one abstraction from that rich field.

Vogler provides a vocabulary for writers based on observations drawn from The Hero with A Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell. Specifically, he lays out archtypes of:
  • the hero
  • the mentor
  • threshold guardian
  • herald
  • shapeshifter
  • shadow
  • trickster
describing their psychological function(s), dramatic function(s), and various types. He also describes the Journey in terms of:
  1. ordinary world
  2. call to adventure
  3. refusal of the call
  4. meeting the mentor
  5. crossing the first threshold
  6. tests, allies, and enemies
  7. approach to the innermost cave
  8. supreme ordeal
  9. reward (seizing the sword)
  10. the road back
  11. resurrection
  12. return with the elixir
What use are these archtypes and the pattern of the Hero's Journey? Let me quote from Vogler:

(p. 265) "First, Caveat Scriptor! (Let the writer beware!) The Hero's Journey model is a guideline. It's not a cookbook recipe or a methematical formula to be applied rigidly to every story. To be effective, a story doesn't have to concur with this or any other school, paradigm, or method of analysis. The ultimate measure of a story's success or excellence is not its compliance with any established patterns, but its lasting popularity and effect on the audience. To force a story to conform to a structural model is putting the cart before the horse."

and

(p. 266) "The pattern of the Hero's Journey is but one metaphor for what goes on in a story or a human life. ... Work out a different metaphor or several of them, if it helps you understand storytelling better."

"It's probably best to acquaint yourself with the Hero's Journey ideas and then forget about them as you sit down to write."

[he doesn't say whether you have to be wearing clothes or not...just sit down and write...:]
[identity profile] mbarker.livejournal.com
Original posting: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 18:35:02 JST
Gwanda D. Newcomma seems to be enjoying her dalliance with John T., and has pretty much decided this war-torn little piece of turf is worth a longer look, but the question remains - how does she cobble together a fiction story?
Let's see - there's the notion that the fiction writer, even more than the non-fiction writer, is dealing in some sense with a general event, using words to mirror reality with a twist and a warp and a little brighter light than might have been there before...mimetic copying of the appearance of reality for entertainment, play, or some other reason (I'll skip the bugs doing it for protection from predation, as I don't think writing protects as much as it reveals...).

So perhaps the simplest way to start is to take a factual story, a true-life event, and add a few twists? E.g., instead of having the criminal get away with whatever they got away with, let the police be just a touch sharper, the D.A. a bit more persuasive, and so forth, and let justice wring the little chicken's neck?

Such thinly disguised variations on reality are certainly one approach to shifting from non-fiction to fiction writing, and are fairly common in the marketplace. One needs to be careful to change enough names and other identifying marks, or know quite well where the lines of libel and so forth are, but that's not too hard. Simply "abstract" from reality, taking what liberties one feels necessary with strictly factual events, re-creating the basic facts into a higher "truth"?
Gwanda's forehead wrinkles, her nose twists slightly, and the makeup on one cheek flakes badly as she twists her mouth with distaste.

"Lie? Not tell the truth about what happened?"

John T. pats her hand.

"Not lie, exactly, honey. Just a higher truth, not tied down to what happened, but feeding the desires and hopes of humanity. Now touch up your makeup, and let the fool dig himself in deeper, he's kind of amusing in his seriousness, ain't he?"

He digs out a breath mint and sucks on it.
Or, tying back to a thread that comes up irregularly, one could start with an old story and refurbish it - starting with the general event, then pinning it down with various bits and pieces of reality to build a new version. The nice part of this is that the writer has the skeleton already available, and all they have to do is convert it into their personal version - make the setting, characters, and so forth unique, perhaps throw in enough variation to hide the underlying moldy bones of the plot, but the general event is already one that is known and familiar to both readers and writer, an "Everyman" mythos where we are more interested in seeing how the writer keeps us interested and fills out the expectations than in having our expectations broken.
Gwanda winces, and pulls her dress around her legs.

"Parables? Does he mean fairy tales and stuff? Religious claptrap?"

John T. slides his hand along her thigh, then fingers idly the scarf she's wearing as a belt.

"Honey, he just means taking a pattern from somewhere and making it fit your own fine proportions and color sense. Like you've done with the black polkadot on yellow cloth here. Must be lots of women have that same pattern, but you're the only one I know that would wear a dress quite like this."
Of course, there also seems to be some power in mixing and matching - perhaps real people in a fictitious setting, or intertwined bits of a real event (conflict/situation/plot) with a fictional plot, and so forth. The parts of the story that tie to facts help reinforce the sense of belief for the reader, making the fictional parts easier to swallow. Perhaps a romance, set against one of the various wars or other pieces of unpleasant reality that we know too well.

Here's a "plotting" framework (from the Handbook for Mystery Writers, I think)...
1. What kind of story would I like to work on? What kind of experience, knowledge, etc. do I like to tell people about?
2. For this kind of story, what sort of person is good for a main character?
3. For this kind of story and type of character, what would be a good conflict or problem for him/her to face? What is s/he up against? What is s/he trying to achieve? What does s/he want so much?
4. What are the obstacles to him/her achieving their goal(s)? Who or what must be overcome?
5. Write one sentence describing the objective and the difficulties in the way.
6. Work out the middle - what kinds of peaks, valleys, detours, etc. are they going to encounter along the way?
A general event, I suppose, being slowly milled down towards being a specific event, but retaining the shape of that abstract ideal...

Sort of the reverse of the normal factual approach - instead of starting with a specific set of events "out there" and abstracting it into a more generic version, start with the general version and add facts to produce a specific set of events which may never have occurred in reality. Take "coming of age" - add individuals, setting, etc. - and tell the story of what happens, at least in the little "world" you've built in your head.

I'd suggest starting with at least two people, and probably three is better, and giving each of them goals, obstacles, and some reason for being together (the "crucible" - relationships, jobs, being trapped together, whatever forces these people to work out their salvation or damnation together instead of individually). But that's quibbling over the details of how to develop a specific event from a general notion, not really arguing with the general approach.
Gwanda lifts John T.'s hand off her waist and holds it.

"Do you think I should do it, John?"

He blinks, then looks up into her face.

"Well, only if you really want to, Gwanda. But if you do, I'll.. I'll help."

"Oh, John!"

She turns and runs to her terminal. He follows, limping slightly, tugging and pulling at his pants.

"Er.. what are you doing, Gwanda?"

"I'm going to write a story, of course. What did you think?"

He gets a handkerchief out of his pants and dabs at his forehead.

"Oh, that. Well, do you need to do it right now?"

"Right now, John. That's the best time to start, isn't it?"
WRITE!
tink

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